Understanding the nuances of low-temperature engineering is key to safe and efficient operations Extremely low temperatures — below –100°F (–73.3°C) — have many widely diverse commercial uses, from de-flashing of molded rubber parts on the plant floor to pristine storage of…
Selecting the right pressure, temperature, flow and level meters and connection systems can help to eliminate the need for heated enclosures and sensing lines In an environment where the ambient temperature can fall below –20°C, outdoor measurements can suffer from…
Early process-hazards analyses can lead to potential cost savings in project and plant operations The chemical process industries (CPI) handle a wide variety of materials, many of which are hazardous by nature (for example, flammable, toxic or reactive), or are…
Modern powder-testing methods can offer valuable insights into bulk material behavior and lead to efficient powder-processing solutions Process simulation is a powerful tool for engineers in the chemical process industries (CPI) and one that plays an important role in commercializing…
Industrial electrochemical processes are critical to a host of chemical products across many industry sectors. Modern products of electrochemical processes include chlorine gas, sodium hydroxide, sodium chlorate, hydrogen, oxygen, aluminum, copper, magnesium, zinc, adiponitrile and others. This one-page reference provides…
Concerns over limited supplies of petroleum-based feedstocks, coupled with the global issue of climate change, have increased demand from consumers and companies for more sustainable products. In this economic environment, chemical and polymer production from renewable resources is increasingly viewed…
Gas turbines are widely used throughout the chemical process industries (CPI) because they allow for high power output and high overall efficiency at relatively reasonable costs. In recent years, a variety of factors and ongoing technology advances have contributed to…
Understanding the different classification methods is necessary to better select the explosion-protection techniques that will be used Explosion protection is essential for many companies, and those companies have decision makers. But before any decisions can be made, there are some…
To avoid unnecessary efforts and mitigate risks, all phases throughout the design and implementation of large capital projects should incorporate comprehensive planning for waste management Proper waste-management planning and execution during all phases of a large capital project in the…
Liquid-liquid extraction is a common mass-transfer operation in which a target solute material is transferred from a feed phase into a solvent. The process is used in a number of applications, including: the removal of valuable products from fermentation broth;…