Utilizing waste plastics as feedstocks in circular processes requires a systems-based approach. Presented here are the challenges that must be overcome to make circular hydrocarbons investable, scalable and repeatable For more than a decade, the chemical process industries (CPI) has…
Scaling up new technologies is a strategic challenge requiring foresight and disciplined execution. Success demands designing pilot plants with scalability in mind. Applying a set of principles outlined here can reduce risk, improve investor confidence and enhance the likelihood of…
When scaling up from laboratory experiments to full-scale production, there are a strong set of reasons for constructing intermediate pilot-scale plants, but there are also some scale-up situations where it may pay off to skip the pilot studies Pilot-plant studies…
Ammonia manufacturing with carbon capture (blue ammonia) has emerged as the most practical near-term option for deep decarbonization of ammonia production. Evaluated here are eight technology configurations for decarbonization strategies with blue ammonia production Ammonia is increasingly viewed as an…
In the development of new pharmaceutical ingredients and other high-purity products, carefully controlled crystallization processes can help to eliminate critical impurities and zero in on optimal formulations Historically, small molecules have played a significant role in the pharmaceutical landscape, representing…
Effectively dispersing powders into liquids can be a challenge. Utilizing vacuum in the correct ways can help with wetting and dispersion When introducing powdered materials into liquids, the goal is always to achieve an air-free dispersion of solids in the…
Understanding how particle size affects flow properties helps ensure reliable flow of materials between process steps Many industries utilize dry solid materials and powders (collectively referred to as bulk solids in this article) for producing and manufacturing products. It is…
Understanding the forces acting on agitator impeller blades during turbulent flow in a mixing vessel is essential for successful and efficient operation. Presented here is information on the hydraulic force, its source, and how to calculate it Mechanically agitated vessels…
In lithium processing, advanced mixing technologies — applied across the crystallization, carbonization and decomposition steps — can serve as critical enablers in meeting efficiency, scalability and sustainability demands Lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) is a key raw material in the production of…
High-performance coatings are more than protective barriers. They provide an essential part of facility design, maintenance and operations. Selecting the right coatings presents an opportunity to align technical decision-making with strategic goals In manufacturing environments, facility integrity directly impacts product…