Storing energy to smooth the intermittency of wind and solar power can be accomplished in a number of ways, including mechanical (pumped hydro, flywheels, compressed air and others), thermochemical (phase-change materials and molten salts, for example), chemical (conversion of electricity…
Air classification of powdered materials offers a way to control particle size distribution in solids-handling operations. Information on key performance metrics and operating practices of size classification equipment is presented here The handling and processing of solid particulate materials are…
Conscientious operation and maintenance is critical for steam-generator system reliability. Here, important details for softening and reverse osmosis systems are explained and compared As steam generation technology and higher pressure and temperature boilers evolved in the 20th century, improved makeup-water-treatment…
Process analytical technology (PAT) approaches allow continuous monitoring and real-time control of processes. Among the key monitoring technologies is Raman spectroscopy, which offers inline measurement that can reduce personnel time and sampling complexity The chemical industry faces new challenges with…
Process electrification is gaining interest as a solution to industrial CO2 emissions, which account for 20% of total CO2 emissions in the U.S. [1]. Several technologies are emerging for electric process heating, including electrode steam boilers and high-temperature heat pumps,…
Robust mechanical integrity programs can provide a fresh approach to process safety management and can help drive organizations toward operational excellence Every journey begins with understanding where you are and where you want to go. And for any chemical processing…
Selecting pressure regulators can be complicated because many different types exist and each has specific functionalities. Presented here is guidance for evaluating pressure-control needs based on process conditions, and for selecting the best regulator Delivering consistently on-specification products is a…
Uncontrolled exothermic reactions present significant safety risks, including over-pressurization of a reactor. Presented here is information about how runaway reactions occur, and what can be done to avoid them Synthesis reactions are a cornerstone of chemical manufacturing and engineering. Due…
Pneumatic conveying uses air to either push (positive pressure) or pull (negative pressure) solid material through a conveying line. The characteristics of the solid materials being conveyed play a significant role in how the pneumatic conveying system is designed and…
Bulk-solid waste materials present unique handling challenges. Presented here is a discussion on how to navigate those challenges, along with some characterization strategies to avoid them Across industry sectors, solid waste materials are common and highly varied. The complexities of…