Processing & Handling
PRODUCT-PRESENTATION
Presentation. Pretty simple, right? It’s a liquid, seal it in containers in a range of sizes. Yes, it seems simple, but there are a few complexities. Here’s a summary of delivery presentations for Paratherm products, which include heat transfer…
Vacuum Measurement – Pirani Gauges
Pirani gauges are a group of indirect measuring pressure gauges which measure the thermal conductivity of the gas sample. Pirani gauges are typically used in the fine vacuum range (1 torr - 10-3 torr), as this is the range where…
Terephthalic Acid Production from p-Xylene
This column is based on “Terephthalic Acid Production from p-Xylene — Cost Analysis,” a report published by Intratec. It can be found at: www.intratec.us/analysis/terephthalic-acid-production-cost. Terephthalic acid is an aromatic dicarboxylic acid, mainly used to produce saturated polyesters, primarily PET (polyethylene…
Magnetically Coupled Pumps: Structure, Function and Best Practice
Understanding pump internals, especially the various sealing and coupling arrangements, is a critical step in selecting the optimal pump There is a significant risk for operators associated with the pump selection process. Economic issues, such as procurement and operating costs,…
AODD Pumps in Chemical Processes
Advancements in efficiency and the ability to handle a wide array of chemicals combine to make the air-operated double-diaphragm (AODD) pump a useful choice for chemical processors The circumstances surrounding the development of the air-operated double-diaphragm (AODD) pumping principle six…
Design of Experiments (DoE):How to Handle Hard-to-Change Factors Using a Split Plot
This methodology facilitates multifactor testing. However, it comes at a price: a loss in power for detecting effects The traditional approach to experimentation — often referred to as the “scientific method” — requires changing only one factor at a time…
Vacuum Measurement – Capacitive Gauges
In one of our prior posts, we talked about the key differences between direct and indirect vacuum gauges. One of the most common direct gauge technologies is the capacitive gauge. This post will review how these gauges are constructed and…
Significance of Flash Fire Points
FLASH AND FIRE POINTS IN HEAT TRANSFER FLUIDS Download as a PDF file FLASH POINT DEFINED A “flashpoint” is the temperature at which a fluid generates enough vapor to be ignited (“flash”). There are two common test methods: Open Cup (ASTM D92) and Closed…
Vacuum Measurement Made Easy
Finding a vacuum gauge for monitoring chemical processes can be a challenge. There are few gauges that simultaneously cover the appropriate vacuum range with sufficient accuracy and have the ability to cope with regular exposure to aggressive chemicals. VACUUBRAND's VACUU·VIEW™…
Vacuum Measurement – Direct & Indirect Gauges
Because vacuum technology spans 15 orders of magnitude (103 mbar - 10-12 mbar, or 760 torr - 10-12 torr), there is no single vacuum gauge that can cover the full range. Consequently, a number of different gauge technologies have…