When a process plant is set up, an owner has several things in mind; the market demand for his product and hence the plant capacity, the plant cost, the space availability, space for future expansion and so on. Once a…
Pneumatic conveying of solid material provides advantages over mechanical conveying systems in many applications, including those that require complex routing, multiple source-destination combinations and product containment. Routing of pneumatic piping offers process operators great layout flexibility, but taking advantage of…
To optimize process control and overall plant performance, magnetic flowmeters (mag meters) are the most widely used devices in many industrial flow-measurement applications. Mag meters are used to measure the flow of water and other conductive liquids by applying a…
Thermodynamics cannot yield any information about the intermediate states of a given reacting system. These intermediate states are the subject matter of chemical kinetics, which studies reaction rates and mechanisms. Chemical kinetics will predict what chemicals are present while thermodynamics…
Distillation is one of the most extensively used operations in the chemical process industries (CPI). It is a highly energy-intensive unit operation, and continuously rising energy costs make it imperative to look for ways to reduce energy requirements. Some energy-saving…
Rotating machines, such as pumps, compressors, gas turbines, steam turbines and electric motors, play crucial roles in most chemical process industries (CPI) facilities. Increasingly, advanced condition monitoring is being used to improve the operation and maintenance of these workhorse components.…
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Click here for full pdf version of this article - includes all graphs, charts, tables, and author information
Click here for full pdf version of this article - includes all graphs, charts, tables, and author information
Level measurement and control in process vessels can be one of the most challenging applications in which to obtain consistently safe and reliable results. Part of this difficulty may be due to the fact that the sizing of the vessel…