Technical & Practical
Evaluate Heat-Exchanger Tube-Rupture Scenarios Using Dynamic Simulation
Applying dynamic simulation models to tube-rupture scenarios can help ensure more accurate sizing and hazard assessments Tube rupture in heat exchangers is an extremely serious issue in the chemical process industries (CPI; Figure 1). Heat-exchanger tube-rupture scenarios can be evaluated…
Bulk Solids: Optimizing Screw Conveyors
Despite their apparent simplicity, the complexity of these conveying systems demands proper design and an understanding of the underlying principles Screw conveyors play a major role in a wide variety of industrial operations that involve the handling of bulk solids.…
Dimensionless numbers in fluid dynamics
Dimensionless numbers refer to physical parameters that have no units of measurement. These numbers often appear in calculations used by process engineers. As long as consistent units are used, dimensionless numbers remain the same whether metric or other units are…
“Green” Ethylene Production Provided by Intratec Solutions
With a global nominal capacity of about 140 million ton/yr, ethylene is among the main petrochemicals produced worldwide, and is a key building block for the industry. Ethylene is produced mostly via steam-cracking of petroleum-based feedstocks, such as naphtha. Ethylene…
Plot Plan Design: Process Requirements
It is important to conceptualize plant layout in terms of both ideal location and optimal geographical positioning of equipment components For any chemical process facility, the cost of improper or sub-obtimal plant layout can be enormous. Designers are generally well…
Methane Reforming: A Guide
A wide range of factors must be taken into account before selecting the most appropriate reforming technology From the agrochemicals sector to steel production, from petroleum refineries to chemicals production — many sectors of the chemical process industries (CPI) would…
Temperature Effects for High-velocity Gas Flow
Guidelines are presented to better understand the temperature profiles of high-velocity gases In high-velocity gas flows, such as those that may occur within the discharge piping of a pressure-relief or depressurization valve, the temperature experienced at the wall of the…
The Impact of Off-BEP Pump Operation
Best-efficiency point (BEP), the flowrate at which a pump operates at its highest or optimum efficiency for a specific impeller diameter, is a key consideration when assessing pump performance. While most pumps do not consistently operate at their exact BEP,…
Technology Profile: Sugar Inversion
The substance known colloquially as table sugar is actually sucrose, a disaccharide composed of fructose and glucose. Sucrose is a major agriculturally derived product with an established industry for its extraction, processing and supply. It is mainly employed as a…
Solids Handling: Using Flowsheet Simulation to Improve Process Design
Using flowsheet simulation to model processes involving granular solids — either those that are entirely separate from fluid processes or those that are combined with them — has many advantages for improving the process design. These include avoiding unplanned downtime,…